04.路由配置

1.1 Django路由分发

• mysite/urls.py

# mysite/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    # 配置路由分发
    path('app01/', include(('app01.urls', 'app01'), namespace='app01')),
]

1.2 普通url

1.2.1 app01/urls.py

from django.urls import path, re_path
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    re_path('index1/$', views.index1, name='indexname1'),          # 方法1：无正则匹配url
]

1.2.2 app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse

# 方法1：无正则匹配url（ http://127.0.0.1:8000/index1/?uid=1 ）
def index1(request):
    print( request.GET )             # {"uid": "1"}
    nid = request.GET.get('uid')    # 1
    return HttpResponse('无正则匹配url')

1.3 正则的url (\d+)

1.3.1 app01/urls.py

• http://127.0.0.1:8000/app01/index1/

from django.urls import path, re_path
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    re_path('index2/(\d+)/$', views.index2, name='indexname2'),     # 方法2：基于(\d+)正则的url
]

1.3.2 app01/views.py

• http://127.0.0.1:8000/app01/index2/1/

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse

# 方法2：基于(\d+)正则的url（  http://127.0.0.1:8000/index2/1/  ）
def index2(request, uid):
    print( uid )                    # 1
    return HttpResponse('基于(\d+)正则的url')

1.4 正则分组(?P<nid>\d+)

• 基于正则分组(?P<nid>\d+)，可以不考虑接收参数顺序 (推荐)

1.4.1 app01/urls.py

• http://127.0.0.1:8000/app01/index3/1/2/

from django.urls import path, re_path
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    re_path('index3/(?P<nid>\d+)/(?P<pid>\d+)/$', views.index3, name='indexname3'),        # 方法3：基于(\d+)正则的url
]

1.4.2 app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse

# 方法3：基于正则分组(?P<nid>\d+)（  http://127.0.0.1:8000/app01/index3/1/2/  ）
def index3(request, nid, pid):
    print(nid)                     # 1
    print(pid)                     # 2
    return HttpResponse('基于正则分组url')

1.5 使用name构建自己想要的url

1.5.1 app01/urls.py

• http://127.0.0.1:8000/app01/index3/1/2/

from django.urls import path, re_path
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    re_path('index4/$', views.index4),                               # 方法4：使用name构建自己想要的url
]

1.5.2 app01/views.py

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.urls import reverse

# 方法4：使用name构建自己想要的url （http://127.0.0.1:8000/index4/）
def index4(request):
    url1 = reverse('indexname1')                         # /index1/
    url2 = reverse('indexname2', args=(1,))                  # /index2/1/2/
    url3 = reverse('indexname3', kwargs={'pid': 1, "nid":2})       # /index3/1/2/
    return render(request, 'index.html')

1.5.3 反解出url中的name

• 根据request.path中的绝对路径反解出url中的name名字

resolve_url_obj = resolve(request.path)         # request.path路径： /student/homework_detail/52
resolve_url_obj.url_name                   # 从path中解析出url名字 url_name = homework_detail

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